The Ecological Model states that human behavior results from the ongoing, dynamic interaction between the person and the environment.
Bronfenbrenner identified four major subsystems that influence human behavior.
- The Microsystem: Interpersonal interactions within a given environment, such as home, school, or work setting.
- The Mesosystem: Interaction between two or more microsystems, such as the relation between an individual's school and his or her work environment.
- The Exosystem: Linkage between subsystems that indirectly influence the individual, such as one's neighborhood or the media.
- The Macrosystem: Ideological components of a given society, including norms and values.
The Ecological Model recognizes that humans live interactionally in a social environment.
Career behavior is thought to be determined by the interrelationships between the subsystems in a larger ecosystem.
- Clients bring their ecosystems into counseling primarily by conveying how they understand and react to their circumstances.
The careful assessment of the client's ecosystem determines how and where career counseling interventions can be most effectively implemented for an individual.
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